Introducing the Book al-Salwa fī Shurūṭ al-Khalwa by Muwafaq b. Majd Khāṣī Translator of Najm al-Dīn Kubrā’s Risāla ilā al-Hāʾim al-Khāʾif min Lawmat al-Lāʾim
Document Type : pajoohesh
Author
10.22081/jap.2025.78025
Abstract
al-Salwa fī Shurūṭ al-Khalwa is a work by one of the mystics of the Kubrawīyya order on the subject of seclusion (khalwa). Seclusion was among the most important principles of practice for followers of this spiritual order (ṭarīqa), and several of them authored treatises explicitly entitled “on retreat,” or wrote books whose central theme was retreat and seclusion. Examples include Najm al-Dīn Kubrā’s fi al-Khalwa, Sayf al-Dīn Bākharzī’s Waqāyi‛ al-Khalwa, and Majd al-Dīn Baghdādī’s fi al-Khalwa wa al-‛Uzla. Similar treatises by ‛Alāʾ al-Dawla Simnānī, ‛Abd al-Raḥmān Isfarāyinī, and others also exist under these or similar titles. al-Salwa fī Shurūṭ al-Khalwa and some of these other treatises were written in Arabic. Drawing on various manuscript copies of this work, the author of this article seeks to provide a clear picture of the book and its author, and for the first time introduces this work, which contains significant information about the spiritual leaders of the Kubrawīyya, their relationship with disciples, and their practices of seclusion. This study also reveals that the translator of the Risāla ilā al-Hāʾim al-Khāʾif min Lawmat al-Lāʾim, previously published, is in fact the author of this same book, al-Salwa fī Shurūṭ al-Khalwa.
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