Theological Rationalism in the Medieval World of Islam
Document Type : pajoohesh
Authors
Abstract
Rationalism has been a salient feature of Muslim theological thought from the earliest times. Despite the fact that rationalism had its opponents throughout Islamic history, it continued to be one of the mainstays of Muslim theological thought. It is only in the wake of modern Islamic fundamentalism that rationalism has become marginalized and as threatened as never before. In the present study, the author has briefly introduced and talked about the history of the formation of the rational Muslim theological schools in the medieval world of Islam; and has pointed out some of the significant theologians such as Ash'ari and Mutazilite. Then, he shows that there is an interaction between different stands of rational theological thoughts in the world of Islam; and talks through the connections between Islam and other religions such as Judaism and Christianity in the medieval world of Islam. Finally, he explains about the process of studying done upon Mutazilite and Ash'ari's thoughts, and introduces researches carried on about Jewish E'tezal.
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