Transmission of Greek Science to the Islamic World

Apparently, logic and philosophy has set foot in Islam world in a natural process; and the policy of caliphs who had some evil goals had nothing to do with it. Otherwise, if they had undermined or neglected the process of gaining knowledge, it would have been disturbed. In the following paper, the author has tried to present evidences for this issue. Therefore, he is going to examine the transmission status of Medical Sciences, Astronomy, prognostication, logic and philosophy to the Islamic world during the first centuries. He also talks over the establishment of Beit Al-Ahkame and Kheradkhāne during each of the Abbasi caliphs' period. He confirms that although some branches of knowledge which were related to sleeping, eating, lust, and the presidency of Abbasi caliphs were translated into Islam language by their order, there is no record of their order regarding the translation of philosophy. Therefore, because of a scholar's personal interest, part of logic and philosophy was translated into Arabic. So, the idea that philosophy has been translated by the order of cruel caliphs to oppose the Prophet's family's knowledge has no historical document. Following this, the author elaborately introduces some of the significant scholars and philosophers such as Kandi, Ibn Sina, and Sheikh Ishrāq; and explains about their role in the transmission of Greek science to the next generations, Iranians, and Islam world. He argues that the efforts for having a philosophical comprehension of religion in Islamic world has started from the very first days of philosophy, that is from Kandi period. Finally, the author gives a brief account of Molla Sadra's biography and his philosophy, Hekmat Motealie. Then he talks about the issue of comparison between philosophy and religion in Mulla Sadrā's philosophy (aka Transcendental Wisdom).