Atheism and Theism is one of the works of a series of works which have been written about the current philosophical, social, and theological issues; and published under the main title of Great Debates in Philosophyby Black Well Publishing house and its editor is Ernest Susa. This book consists of four main parts. In the first part, Jack Smart, as an atheist, presents his claims in order to defend atheism; and John Heldin, who is a theist, defends theism in the second part. The third and fourth parts include their answers to each other’s views and ideas. In order to introduce the book, the author of the article explains every part of the book in details. Therefore, regarding the first part, he talks over Jack Smart’s views about some issues such as teleology, the valueOf the scholar, the proof of possibility and necessity, the proof of religious experience, miracles, and the problem of evil. In the second part, he discusses John Hilden’s views about theism and science, different forms of clarifications, old teleology, the appearance of life and the sources of reproduction, the domination of mind over material, the reason of things, God, goodness, and evil.